Punctuation Puzzle: Proper Nouns and Quotations with Pinocchio

Welcome to another Punctuation Puzzle! Yep…a puzzle that you solve by putting in the correct punctuation and words/usage fixes–along with explanations and answers about each error! Perfect for students and teachers alike!

Today’s Puzzle is about Proper Nouns and Quotations… and it uses an interesting sentence from one of our Write-for-a-Month/Write On books about Pinocchio.

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By Zac Kieser and Donna Reish

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Spelling Lesson: Independence Day

Spelling Lesson: Independence Day

The capitalization of this holiday isn’t the grammar/writing issue. It’s the spelling!

Of course, like any other holiday, both words are capitalized:

Independence Day

Or if written with the informal name: July 4th.

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Capitalization of Flowers

“April Showers Bring May Flowers”




 For flower lovers and grammar lovers, here is some vital info on capitalizing names of flowers:


1. Do NOT capitalize names of flowers that do not already contain proper noun elements: 

                a. roses
                b. geraniums
                c. daffodils


2. DO capitalize any part of :

               a.  black-eyed Susan
               b. African daisy.

Happy Presidents Day or Happy Presidents’ Day!

Happy Presidents’ Day. Or is that Presidents Day? Or Presidents’ Day?

Well….it depends on which expert you ask! Here is the run down:

1. It is NOT President’s Day
      a. President’s denotes one President…and this holiday honors Washington and Lincoln both…as well as all presidents
     b. President’s Day says that it is the day that belongs to one President (singular)
     c. It follows the rule of writing the noun first (President) then if the word does NOT end in s, put apostrophe s (President’s Day)

2. Some say it is Presidents’ Day
     a. The Gregg Reference Manual (my favorite handbook) cites it as such
     b. This denotes many presidents all owning one day (or at least Lincoln and Washington)
     c. It follows the rule of writing the noun first (Presidents) then if the word ends in s, put an apostrophe on the outside of the s
     d. This is the correct way to show possession of one thing to more than one “owner”—or any noun that ends in an s (glass’ smudges).

3. Some say it is Presidents Day
     a. The Associated Press Stylebook cites is as such
     b. This method does not denote possession, but rather uses the word President as an adjective (actually a “proper adjective” in that it is an adjective made from a proper noun–some of the time–we will not even get into whether it is (President) or isn’t (president) in this post!)
   c. This is like saying that, that is a Grisham book (as opposed to a book that Grisham owns–Grisham’s book), and it is certainly  not incorrect

P.S. Capitalize president when referring to a certain president or the holiday in question!

So there you have it! More subjectivity in our English language. Happy Presidents’ Day! And Happy Presidents Day!

Happy Valentine’s Day!

Happy Valentine’s Day! Some tips for punctuation and capitalization of this loving holiday:

1. In a greeting (such as a card), cap all three words: Happy Valentine’s Day.

2. Show possession to the singular proper noun Valentine--the day belongs to him: Valentine’s Day.

3. Cap Day in the holiday because it is part of the holiday’s name (as opposed to day in Christmas day in which Christmas is the name of the holiday, not day): Valentine’s Day.

4. You can just call it Valentine when appropriate, but remember that Valentine is a singular proper noun, so in other contexts, do not plural it before showing possession:


a. I’m making Valentine’s cupcakes.
b. I got a Valentine card.





5. If you are calling cards Valentines, keep the following in mind:


a. Still cap it–any time a proper noun element is used, it retains its capitalization: I got a Valentine this morning. (In this case, it is sometimes called a proper adjective–an adjective that is a proper noun in its non-descriptive states.)


b. Just plural it with an s (not an apostrophe s): I got some Valentines at school today.



 
Most of all, enjoy your Valentine’s Day! 🙂

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